[225] These visitors contributed more than US$13.7 billion to Chicago's economy. [178] Roman Catholicism and Protestantism are the largest branches (34% and 35% respectively), followed by Eastern Orthodoxy and Jehovah's Witnesses with 1% each. Chicago has 28 sister cities around the world. [citation needed] The record label later signed many prominent industrial acts, with the most notable being: My Life with the Thrill Kill Kult, KMFDM, Front Line Assembly and Front 242. The most populous city in Florida is also one of its most religious cities, and while very diverse religiously, still has a large majority which at least identifies with one religion. [citation needed], Chicago has been a hub of the retail sector since its early development, with Montgomery Ward, Sears, and Marshall Field's. [337] As of July 2019, Divvy operated 5800 bicycles at 608 stations, covering almost all of the city, excluding Pullman, Rosedale, Beverly, Belmont Cragin and Edison Park. The lake also provides another positive effect: moderating Chicago's climate, making waterfront neighborhoods slightly warmer in winter and cooler in summer. The availability of jobs attracted African Americans from the Southern United States. Chicagoans have over 580 parks and 8,300 acres of green spaces at their disposal. [287] In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;[289] the murder rate was 10.4 while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000. [129], Chicago is famous for its outdoor public art with donors establishing funding for such art as far back as Benjamin Ferguson's 1905 trust. [83], By the 1960s, white residents in several neighborhoods left the city for the suburban areas in many American cities, a process known as white flight as Blacks continued to move beyond the Black Belt. PRRI has been collecting and aggregating data on religious diversity in America continuously since 2013. [346] CREATE, the Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency Program, comprises about 70 programs, including crossovers, overpasses and underpasses, that intend to significantly improve the speed of freight movements in the Chicago area.[347]. 1 non-Hispanic 2 excluding black and Asian Hispanics. Chicago has also been the home of several prominent talk shows, including The Oprah Winfrey Show, Steve Harvey Show, The Rosie Show, The Jerry Springer Show, The Phil Donahue Show, The Jenny Jones Show, and more. About 18.3% of families and 22.1% of the population lived below the poverty line. [15] Chicago has the third largest Italian American population in the United States, behind only New York City and Philadelphia. In 2017, Chicago exchanges traded 4.7billion derivatives with a face value of over one quadrillion dollars. The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. Other museums and galleries in Chicago include the Chicago History Museum, the Driehaus Museum, the DuSable Museum of African American History, the Museum of Contemporary Art, the Peggy Notebaert Nature Museum, the Polish Museum of America, the Museum of Broadcast Communications, the Pritzker Military Library, the Chicago Architecture Foundation, and the Museum of Science and Industry. [38][39][40][41], A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad. This led to the creation of the atomic bomb by the United States, which it used in World War II in 1945. The South Side contains most of the facilities of the Port of Chicago. The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 45.3% white and within that 45.3%, 12.9% identify as having Hispanic ancestry (31.7% non-Hispanic white ), 32% black, 5% Asian, and 3% from two or more races. [264], Chicago has also entered into esports with the creation of the Chicago Huntsmen, a professional Call of Duty team that participates within the CDL. [179] Since the 20th century Chicago has also been the headquarters of the Assyrian Church of the East. In Millennium Park, the reflective Cloud Gate public sculpture by artist Anish Kapoor is the centerpiece of the AT&T Plaza in Millennium Park. Israelis began coming to Chicago in the 1970s during a period of . [27], The first known non-indigenous permanent settler in Chicago was trader Jean Baptiste Point du Sable. [197] For six consecutive years since 2013, Chicago was ranked the nation's top metropolitan area for corporate relocations. A number of statues also honor recent local heroes such as Michael Jordan (by Amrany and Rotblatt-Amrany), Stan Mikita, and Bobby Hull outside of the United Center; Harry Caray (by Amrany and Cella) outside Wrigley field, Jack Brickhouse (by McKenna) next to the WGN studios,[citation needed] and Irv Kupcinet at the Wabash Avenue Bridge. [268] The building of the boulevard system continued intermittently until 1942. [3] The White population continues to remain the largest racial category and includes the 10.9% of Hispanics who identify as White with the remaining Hispanics identifying as Other Race (43.5%), Multiracial (40.1%), Black (1.5%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (3.7%), Asian (0.3%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). [279] During much of that time, the city administration found opposition mainly from a liberal "independent" faction of the Democratic Party. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. The per capita income for the city was $20,175. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. [citation needed], The wealth of greenspace afforded by Chicago's parks is further augmented by the Cook County Forest Preserves, a network of open spaces containing forest, prairie, wetland, streams, and lakes that are set aside as natural areas which lie along the city's outskirts,[274] including both the Chicago Botanic Garden in Glencoe and the Brookfield Zoo in Brookfield. 23,915. The city has major financial and futures exchanges, including the Chicago Stock Exchange, the Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE), and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (the "Merc"), which is owned, along with the Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) by Chicago's CME Group. Manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. Soldier Field re-opened in 2003 after an extensive renovation. Numbers, Facts and Trends Shaping Your World, Conservative Baptist Association of America, General Association of Regular Baptist Churches, Nondenominational Christian (Evangelical Trad. Map Chicago city, Illinois United States Chart View . Anarchist and socialist groups played prominent roles in creating very large and highly organized labor actions. ), Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. Chicago's dedication to invest in better bike infrastructure made biking it safer and more comfortable for everyone in Chicago, regardless of age or ability. [158], In the 1920s and 1930s, the great majority of African Americans moving to Chicago settled in a socalled "Black Belt" on the city's South Side. Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. [citation needed], The West Side holds the Garfield Park Conservatory, one of the largest collections of tropical plants in any U.S. city. The Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is one of the most recognized basketball teams in the world. Evangelical Protestantism form the largest theological Protestant branch (16%), followed by Mainline Protestants (11%), and historically Black churches (8%). The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. [211][212], The city's waterfront location and nightlife has attracted residents and tourists alike. They have played more games and have more wins than any other team in Major League baseball since 1876. [312] The district, with an enrollment exceeding 400,545 students (20132014 20th Day Enrollment), is the third-largest in the U.S.[313] On September 10, 2012, teachers for the Chicago Teachers Union went on strike for the first time since 1987 over pay, resources and other issues. [292][293] In 2009, the murder count fell to 458 (10% down). However, it was less than in many smaller American cities, including New Orleans, Newark, and Detroit, although the latter has fallen substantially in recent years. [67] This system for telling time spread throughout the continent. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United Statesabout $670.5billion according to September 2017 estimates. [116] Many of the city's residential streets have a wide patch of grass or trees between the street and the sidewalk itself. It also has entertainment systems inside the gondolas as well as a climate controlled environment. At least three short periods in the history of Chicago have had a lasting influence on American literature. [144], Like other major cities, Chicago experiences an urban heat island, making the city and its suburbs milder than surrounding rural areas, especially at night and in winter. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% Count White 1 Hispanic 2 Black Asian Mixed 1 Other 1 32.3% 878k 28.7% 779k 30.9% 840k 6.1% 165k 1.6% 44.1k 0.3% 8,346. The racial and ethnic makeup of this state is as follows: White (81.3%), Hispanic (20.7%), African American (4%), Asian American (2.8%), and Native American (1.1%). Chicago was named Americas Best Bike City by Bicycling Magazine in 2016. [265] Lincoln Park, the largest of the city's parks, covers 1,200 acres (490ha) and has over 20million visitors each year, making it third in the number of visitors after Central Park in New York City, and the National Mall and Memorial Parks in Washington, D.C.[266], There is a historic boulevard system,[267] a network of wide, tree-lined boulevards which connect a number of Chicago parks. Roughly three-quarters of residents of three Southern cities Dallas (78%), Atlanta (76%) and Houston (73%) are Christians. This local church is pastored by Cardinal Blase J. Cupich, assisted by six Episcopal Vicars, each responsible for a vicariate (region). The median income for a household in the city was $38,625, and the median income for a family was $42,724. Among these are Chagall's Four Seasons; the Chicago Picasso; Miro's Chicago; Calder's Flamingo; Oldenburg's Batcolumn; Moore's Large Interior Form, 1953-54, Man Enters the Cosmos and Nuclear Energy; Dubuffet's Monument with Standing Beast, Abakanowicz's Agora; and, Anish Kapoor's Cloud Gate which has become an icon of the city. It is the third largest city and metropolitan area in the United States by population, and the city was home to over 2.7 million people in 2020, accounting for over 25% of the population in the Chicago metropolitan area; home to approximately 9.6 million. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the 1833 Treaty of Chicago and sent west of the Mississippi River as part of the federal policy of Indian removal. The average land elevation is 579ft (176.5m) above sea level. The two teams have faced each other in a World Series only once: in 1906, when the White Sox, known as the "Hitless Wonders," defeated the Cubs, 42. Many of the city's politicians are descendants of this group, including previous mayor Richard M. Daley. Germans have constituted a major portion of ethnic whites in Chicago since the beginning of the city's history. Du Sable was of African descent, perhaps born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti), and established the settlement in the 1780s. View maps for any participating religious group. The Sox are fifth in the American League in all-time wins, and sixth in pennants. Chicago averaged 1.12 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8.[333]. [176], According to a 2014 study by the Pew Research Center, Christianity is the most prevalently practiced religion in Chicago (71%),[178] with the city being the fourth-most religious metropolis in the United States after Dallas, Atlanta and Houston. [54][55] During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction.[56][57]. [25], The city has had several nicknames throughout its history, such as the Windy City, Chi-Town, Second City, and City of the Big Shoulders. View the 2010 U.S. [309] Northside College Preparatory High School is ranked second, Jones College Prep is third, and the oldest magnet school in the city, Whitney M. Young Magnet High School, which was opened in 1975, is ranked fourth. On January 27, 2021, Mayor Lightfoot described the worsening wave of carjackings as being 'top of mind,' and added 40 police officers to the CPD carjacking unit. [209] Chicago also ranks third in the U.S. (behind Las Vegas and Orlando) in number of conventions hosted annually. Industrial districts, such as some areas on the South Side, the areas along the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, and the Northwest Indiana area are clustered. For other uses, see, 2021 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimates, Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America, "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History? [158] Chicago's South Side emerged as United States second-largest urban black concentration, following New York's Harlem. In this particular case, the fact that the workers' agreements had expiration dates let the city of Chicago set an expiration date of 2013 for contribution to health benefits for workers who retired after 1989. The Blackhawks have won six Stanley Cups, including in 2010, 2013, and 2015. As of the 2007 US Census American Community Survey the largest European ancestries were:[31]. Many additional diagonal streets were recommended in the Plan of Chicago, but only the extension of Ogden Avenue was ever constructed. The term "midway" for a fair or carnival referred originally to the Midway Plaisance, a strip of park land that still runs through the University of Chicago campus and connects the Washington and Jackson Parks. In the 1840s, Chicago became a major grain port, and in the 1850s and 1860s Chicago's pork and beef industry expanded. City laws and later, state laws that upgraded standards for the medical profession and fought urban epidemics of cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever were both passed and enforced. Among the 17 largest metropolitan areas, New Yorks Jewish share is matched only by Miami (9%). [104] Landfill extends into portions of the lake providing space for Navy Pier, Northerly Island, the Museum Campus, and large portions of the McCormick Place Convention Center. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. Chicago has the third most franchises in the four major North American sports leagues with five, behind the New York and Los Angeles Metropolitan Areas, and have six top-level professional sports clubs when including Chicago Fire FC of Major League Soccer (MLS). For every 100 females there were 94.2 males. Today the Chicago metropolitan area is the headquarters of several retailers, including Walgreens, Sears, Ace Hardware, Claire's, ULTA Beauty and Crate & Barrel. This helps to keep pedestrians on the sidewalk further away from the street traffic. [citation needed]. frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they look tomost for guidance on right and wrong, Compare: The park also hosts the annual Taste of Chicago festival. With beaches, ice rinks and bike paths, there's no shortage of outdoor recreation for Chicagoans. Chicago is home to NetherRealm Studios, the developers of the Mortal Kombat series. The strength of the party in the city is partly a consequence of Illinois state politics, where the Republicans have come to represent rural and farm concerns while the Democrats support urban issues such as Chicago's public school funding. The City of Chicago was incorporated on Saturday, March 4, 1837,[35] and for several decades was the world's fastest-growing city.
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