activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter answer key

61 33 Notify the classroom teacher of technology needs (overhead projector). P wave. Type text, add images, blackout confidential details, add comments, highlights and more. (Grades 6 - 8). within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. 0000030240 00000 n We have answers to the most popular questions from our customers. The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. 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They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. 9 - Epicenter. The living lab presents earthquake information through a focus on four active seismic areas and historic earthquakes in those areas. 0000002658 00000 n 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Upload a document. minutes? This page titled 13.4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Deline, Harris & Tefend (GALILEO Open Learning Materials) . Record your answer from Lab Exercise #2, Step 1. Add to FlexBook Textbook. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. Q(_?!6YV3B"\'9:4gTp*7^/P.X!skfkJ)1nG#a\{UD+iWM+ rQR]9SFTUPlM#"c:;tnsQPlu]Uyv?Ge}W;8cMA/x}'5clES~+}S+N7}wQ:/BkmI^" 5oqaBC[TRjq4.e}F:SQg{=u\xcg~EaZKReoC?oahJ` 'w endstream endobj 77 0 obj <>stream How are S and P waves used to determine how far away epicenters are? The real-world earthquake data is viewable via a graphical interface using a scaling map. The seismometers are shown as green dots. X!.43p2t!}SLx-3z.KN4X+H\+vk? Activity 4 Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Answers: Fill Out & Sign . HTn0"H@w=s(vxk8OM1px-{$_!o5|CS7RPr#V(0CUa%ZkuT9t};D Jj=.9,z!#@n5YCu>R88tfFRX=iRK This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. to the lag time measured at this location? Finding the epicenter of an Earthquake by Ah - Ha Lessons 5.0 (1) $3.00 PDF Activity This lesson teaches the student the process scientists use to locate the epicenter of an EQ. Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. HS-PS4-1. triangulation: A method to determine exactly where an earthquake originates. To locate the epicenter of the earthquake, seismologists use the . 6. surface wave? It is slower than the same earthquake's P wave and cannot travel through liquids. Construct an oral and written argument supported by empirical evidence and scientific reasoning to support or refute an explanation or a model for a phenomenon or a solution to a problem. Was there an initial quake followed by smaller quakes? The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. What is the time lag for the Seattle, Washington, seismic station? Do you agree with this alignment? To complete the activity, some prior . Edit your locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers online. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. 0000001408 00000 n Moment magnitude scale. 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Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter, The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are P, waves, Swaves, and Surface waves. It is called triangulation because a triangle has three sides, and it takes three seismographs to locate an earthquake. endstream endobj 84 0 obj <> endobj 85 0 obj <> endobj 86 0 obj <>stream (Grades The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . 0000098546 00000 n It takes S waves 14. Privacy Policy, Seismograms from seismic stations in Fresno, CA, Phoenix, AZ, and Las Vegas, NV, A modified travel time curve for S-P wave, A Modified Travel Time Curve for S-P Wave. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." 15 Bill Nye - Earthquakes Worksheet Key Earthquakes occur when the big pieces of earth's crust, called plates, move a little. Triangulation and Magnitude: Student pairs complete the worksheet, which includes following a tutorial/simulation accessed through the Earthquakes Living Lab. %PDF-1.3 % longer or shorter). You will receive your score and answers at the end. Earthquakes occur along faults, which are cracks in the Earths crust that build tension. How many minutes elapsed between the arrival of the first P wave and the last measurable Fill Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet Answers, Edit online. Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. What is an earthquake? Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). S wave: The second seismic wave of an earthquake. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? trailer <<0444DE89825047A1A483C62E98F50868>]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 114 0 obj <>stream P and Swaves are body waves and travelthrough the interior of the earth. Thanks for your feedback! One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Today we will be using a traveltime graph, where the vertical separation between, the P and S curves is equal to the difference in the arrival times between the Pwave, and Swave. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. Locating the Epicenter of an Earthquake - SE Asia a foldable activity, slide presentation to guide reading, and an answer key! Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Send activity 4 locating an earthquake epicenter worksheet answers via email, link, or fax. (, Have any of you ever experienced an earthquake or know anyone who has? Use this information to complete the following. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). How do we determine the epicenter of an earthquake? Ask students what fault they think caused this earthquake. 0000055643 00000 n Details. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. long will it take, to the nearest 0. minutes, for the first P waves to travel from the epicenter to your station? How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? hb```b````e``n`d@ A 'EF''oquE"ky#:}m;9JmkPt~=unFHy&|X:70 vILZ*|%6mD! By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. As the drum rotated, t, pen recorded the arrival of P, S, and surface, between arrival of P and S waves is called, epicenter, the longer the lag time measured, velocity, amplitude, and frequency of the. The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. 0000001143 00000 n HS]o01j6R0iMm4U=wL8]BE< Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. Earthquake Location 2 Using the skills that you acquired in the picking P and S arrivals, you can now locate an earthquake using real seismic records. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! A seismograph is securely mounted onto the surface of the earth so that when the earth shakes, the entire unit shakes with it EXCEPT for the mass on the spring, which has inertia and remains in the same place. What types of engineers might use this data the most? Must engineers be content with mitigating disasters, instead of preventing them? The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Note the differences in 0000004060 00000 n Alignment agreement: (Listen to student ideas.) These natural disasters may be mitigated, however, by insightful and creative engineering. One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. 9 - 0 Using this resource students find the arrival times of P-waves and S-waves using a seismogram. 0000005081 00000 n HlRnQ?R\>BjK' moment magnitude scale: Similar to the Richter scale, but replacing its use starting in the 1970s for more accuracy in measuring big earthquakes (magnitudes > 3.5) from greater distances. 0000001736 00000 n As you may know, people have look numerous times for . (Grades 9 - 12). The distance is in kilometers. So next, students compute the magnitude of this same earthquake by looking at the three simplified seismograms again, but this time selecting each's maximum S wave amplitude (height). The process is called triangulation. earthquakes. HtA1D41`s(GME$Ke*YdEOYf2-:r. Triangulation is required to determine exactly where it happened. : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. 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Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. epicenter of an earthquake, how The spot where those three circles intersect is the epicenter (Figure 13.12). Locating an Epicenter through Triangulation of Seismic Data- Remote/Hybrid/Live. The longer the time between the arrival of the P-wave and S-wave, the farther away is the epicenter. Before looking at the Earthquakes Living Lab, have pairs complete the, Then guide the teams to the Earthquakes Living Lab via the living lab website at. HTAn Have students turn in their answers for the Explain portion of the worksheet. What data is used to determine magnitude? Earthquakes and Seismic Waves Key Concepts . Epicenter is the location on the surface of the Earth directly above where the earthquake starts. time for any point that is 3,000 miles 5 4. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. Figure 8. minutes and P waves 8 minutes to Click for facts and worksheets in PDF! However, please review it for the specific setting, materials, students, and conventional safety precautions. An earthquake is what happens when two blocks of the earth suddenly slip past one directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. The Earthquakes Living Lab gives students the chance to track earthquakes across the planet and examine where, why and how they are occurring. The period of a wave is the time between two adjacent wave peaks. Focal Depth. 0000053998 00000 n The Richter scale was created in the 1930s to assign a single number to quantify the energy released during earthquakes. Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations. Every earthquake is recorded on numerous seismographs located in different directions. aqmd. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known 3. epicenter - the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus, or origin, of an earthquake. 83 0 obj <> endobj We additionally manage to pay for . In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. All 100,000+ K-12 STEM standards covered in TeachEngineering are collected, maintained and packaged by the Achievement Standards Network (ASN), This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. hbbd``b`$C`q9 X_$_g`bdxc`X (from left to right). gov For online instructions and current fees click here. Thanks for your feedback! A. Seismic waves-waves generated by an earthquake, can move the ground forward and back- answers the question. Use the process of triangulation to locate an earthquake's epicenter. 2. (i. 0000078100 00000 n Engineers first determine where earthquakes are likely to occur, and how severe they are likely to be. Of the four Earthquakes Living Lab seismic areas, choose the "Chile" box, as shown in Figure 3. Get the inside scoop on all things TeachEngineering such as new site features, curriculum updates, video releases, and more by signing up for our newsletter! Students first triangulate the location of an earthquake's epicenter, then calculate its magnitude. 0000002250 00000 n Accessed December 11, 2013. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/aboutus/docs/020204mag_policy.php. Last modified July 18, 2012. Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . S waves. Use Figure 4.5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4.4 to determine the distance between each station and THREE SEISMOGRAMS the epicenter. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. When an earthquake strikes, P waves arrive at a seismograph rst and S waves next. 0000001978 00000 n Expert Answer. See Answer. 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. 0000000016 00000 n Click on New Document and select the file importing option: upload Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key from your device, the cloud, or a protected link. 4. fault - a fracture in Earth's crust where the rocks on either side have moved. 92 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[83 25]/Info 82 0 R/Length 62/Prev 466624/Root 84 0 R/Size 108/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream While no one can predict earthquakes, knowing the intensities, frequencies and locations of past earthquakes and fault planes helps us to better anticipate the locations and forces to expect, so we can do our best to prepare our communities and infrastructure to withstand them safely. Download. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. The earthquake occurred somewhere along that circle. 500p;333aXb3 \a.1. The farther a station is from the A circle is drawn from each of the three different seismograph locations, where the radius of each circle is equal to the distance from that station to the epicenter. 0000003991 00000 n xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` Then from the same recordings they determine the earthquake's magnitude, an estimate of the amount of energy released during the earthquake. A.45 seconds B.50 seconds C.55 seconds D.65 seconds Answer Key: D follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the It travels faster than the same earthquake's S wave (almost double the speed) and is similar to sound waves. 0000030968 00000 n 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. Contact the teacher to find out the length of the class period, as well as how many copies of handouts and sets of materials you need to bring. Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. 0000001396 00000 n Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher). Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. The answer is the San Andreas Fault. Assess their understanding based on the thoroughness of their answers. While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. The epicenter is the point directly above it at the surface of the Earth. Therefore, the lag Take a few minutes to read the information on the left side of this page for the 2010 earthquake off the coast of central Chile. Some places are more prone to earthquakes than others. The calculated distance from each seismometer to the earthquake is shown as a circle. Through the online Earthquakes Living Lab, student pairs explore various types of seismic waves and the differences between shear waves and compressional waves. The period of P waves is shorter, than the period of surface waves. In this investigation, participants will understand that S and P waves are used to find the epicenter of an earthquake by using seismograph data to triangulate an epicenter. As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . Specifically, seismographs make recordings (seismograms) of the seismic waves generated from earthquakes, providing engineers and other researchers with data that they use to make predictions about future earthquakes. These distances are determined using a travel-time curve, which is a graph of Pand S-wave arrival times (see Figure 13.11). earthquake. 1,000 miles from the epicenter of an earthquake? Subjects: After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, Find 23 millimeters on the right side of the chart and mark that point. How might they use this information? EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves First locate and mark the three seismic stations on the world map provided below. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake.